Japan (JA)
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ローリングシャッタとグローバルシャッタにはどのような違いがありますか？
当社は、グローバルシャッタ方式ではなく、低照度撮影に適したローリングシャッタ方式の科学カメラを数多く開発しています。ローリングシャッタ方式の科学カメラは、同価格帯のグローバルシャッタ方式に比べ、量子効率が高く、読み出しノイズが少ないのが特徴です。しかし、「ローリングシャッタ」という聞き慣れない言葉を聞き、ローリングシャッタで撮影した回転する扇風機の画像が大きく歪んでいるのを見て、お客様が不安になるケースもあるようです。
図1はsCMOSカメラの画素列位置と露光タイミングのグラフを示しています。グローバルシャッタでは、図1 (a) に示すように、全画素列の露光が同時に開始されます。一方、ローリングシャッタモードでは、図1 (b) に示すように、中央から外側に向かう画素列の位置に沿って露光開始時間が若干遅れます。このような観点から、ローリングシャッタの (1) 空間歪み、(2) 露光タイミングの違いによる時間差の発生といった負の側面を指摘されることもあります。
図1 : Exposure timing by pixel row position
左図のグローバルシャッタ (a) では、全画素列の露光が同時に開始されます。右図のローリングシャッタ (b) では、中央から外側に向かう画素列の位置に沿って露光開始時刻がわずかに遅れていることがわかります。
では、ローリングシャッタモードでは、どのような撮像条件で「歪んだ画像」が発生するのでしょうか。通常、カメラターゲットの移動速度が速いほど、あるいはカメラの露光時間が短いほど、歪みが発生しやすいことが分かっています。ローリングシャッタで歪みが発生しない条件下では、ローリングシャッタ付きsCMOSカメラの高い量子効率と低い読み出しノイズ特性により、ユーザーはS/Nの高い画像を取得することができます。
ライブセルイメージングにおけるローリングシャッタの歪みについては以下で詳細に解説をしています。（英語資料のみ）
Please refer to the below link of the technical note if you are interested in.
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