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単一分子イメージングにおけるqCMOSカメラとEM-CCDカメラの性能比較実験
生細胞単一分子蛍光イメージング法は、様々なライフサイエンス研究分野において重要な役割を果たしており、光検出器の感度と分解能がイメージング性能にとって非常に重要になります。
中国科学院遺伝発生生物学研究所（Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences）のJiachao Xu博士は、1分子イメージングの最高性能を達成するために、TIRF顕微鏡を作製し、ここ数年、継続的に改良を続けています。
Xu博士は、生細胞中のアンジオテンシンIIタイプ1受容体（AT1R）の1分子蛍光イメージングの実験において、EM-CCDとqCMOSという2種類のカメラの性能比較実験を行いました。
ORCA-Questの利点
Xu博士の実験では、比較的ノイズの少ないバックグラウンドから単一分子の蛍光を容易に識別するために、非常にノイズの少ない検出器が必要になります。
彼の経験上、EM-CCDは優れたSNR（Signal-to-noise ratio）のイメージングを行えており、以前に他の種類のカメラを試した際には、同様の性能を達成できるものはありませんでした。
しかし今回のqCMOSは、高速モードであるスタンダードスキャン（120 fps）でもEM-CCDとほぼ同等のノイズ性能を発揮しています。qCMOSとEM-CCDの撮像結果から、ほぼ同量の蛍光単一分子を確認することができています。
また、qCMOSは画素サイズが4.6 ㎛×4.6 ㎛と小さいため、4.6 ㎛×4.6 ㎛（1×1 ビニング）、9.2 ㎛×9.2 ㎛（2×2 ビニング）、18.4 ㎛×18.4 ㎛（4×4 ビニング）といった感度と分解能が異なるオプションを任意に選択することができます。例えば、感度と位置決め精度のバランスをとるために、Xu博士は9.2 ㎛×9.2 ㎛（2×2 ビニング）の設定を選択し、単一分子イメージングにおけるベストなパフォーマンスを実現しました。
以上のように、qCMOSは1分子蛍光イメージングにおいてEM-CCDと同等もしくはそれ以上の性能を示しました。また、感度や速度、解像度の面で優れているため、様々なイメージングアプリケーションにおける選択肢となりえます。
ORCA-Quest、EM-CCDの単一分子イメージングの撮像例
サンプル：AT1R-EYFP
露光時間：100 ms
光学系：TIRF
対物レンズ：100× NA 1.49
励起用レーザー：488 nm, 1 mW
Jiachao Xu博士の研究とTIRF顕微鏡について
Jiachao Xu 博士はKangmin He博士の研究室の出身です。彼らの研究は、この分野で高く評価されており、TIRF顕微鏡を用いたリアルタイム生細胞単一粒子トラッキングという研究手法は、「エキサイティングで、多くの同業者が同様の手法での研究を行いたいと促されるだろう」と述べています。
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